The development of future Soviet tank in 80-s and was
a continuation of works started in 1970-s under designation “Project 101” . Necessity for
development was grounded by the development of next generation tank in US and
NATO. The importance of this task was well realized by Nikolay Shomin, a new
chief designer of Kharkov 477”
and unconventional 2-man design known as “Object 490” .
The project “490” developed in the 80s was under development
by Eugenie Morozov, son of the famous designer of tanks T-34, T-54, T-64 Alexander
Morozov.
The main features of the “Object490”
were:
The main features of the “Object
- crew consisting of two people - commander-gunner and driver. Reduce the crew to two people and place them in a compact, well-protected capsule. Depending on the specific layout, this gives a volume saving of up to
- the use of hydro pneumatic suspension. In addition to solving the main problem - increasing average speeds by improving running smoothness, it allows to control the clearance of the tank, which increases maneuverability and survivability in battle. In addition, controlled hydro pneumatic suspension by changing the hull angle allows to increase the pointing angles of the gun in the vertical plane.
- Creation of a special armored refueling and reloading vehicle capable of accompanying the tank in the same formation, overcoming hard natural and artificial obstacles, passing through nuclear contaminated areas of the terrain, and operating under conditions of use of nuclear weapons. In layout no. 1 and 2, it was supposed to implement the replenishment of ammunition and refueling the tank without leaving the crews of the tank and refueling-loading machine.
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